What is the normal arterial pH range?

• A. 6.8-7.0
• B. 7.35-7.45
• C. 7.0-7.2
• D. 7.50-7.60

Answer: (B)

The main idea is understanding the normal acid-base balance of arterial blood. Arterial pH is normally tightly controlled around 7.35 to 7.45, reflecting a balance between respiratory (CO2) and metabolic (bicarbonate) factors plus buffering systems. Values within this range support optimal enzyme activity and cellular function. When pH falls below 7.35, acidosis occurs, indicating too much acid or too little base, which impairs cellular processes. When pH rises above 7.45, alkalosis occurs, indicating too little acid or too much base, which can increase neuronal excitability and cause other issues. The other ranges listed are outside the normal physiological window: they represent more extreme acidity or alkalinity that disrupts body functions.