In nutritional assessment, which information is essential for estimating a patient’s energy requirements?

• A. Height and weight
• B. Food allergies
• C. Use of nutritional supplements
• D. If can swallow

Answer: (A)

Estimating energy requirements starts with body size. Resting energy expenditure is driven by metabolic processes that scale with lean body mass, which we estimate using height and weight. Using these measurements in standard equations (for example, Mifflin-St Jeor or Harris-Benedict) gives a baseline caloric need, which we then adjust for activity level and illness or stress. Without height and weight, the calculations lack a reliable starting point for daily energy targets.

Food allergies matter for what foods can be included, but they don’t provide a numerical basis to estimate energy needs. Whether someone uses nutritional supplements changes total intake, not the fundamental energy requirement. Swallowing ability affects how calories are delivered (oral vs. alternative routes), not the amount the body needs.